Hot-air and steam generating furnace



(No Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet l.

W. PULLINGER.

HOT AIR AND STEAM GENERATING FURNACE. No! 299,008. Patented May 20,-1884.

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(No Model.)

7 Sheets-Sl1eet 2.

W. PULLINGER.

HOT AIR AN-D STEAM GENERATING FURNACE.

Patented May 20, 1884.

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Patented May 20, 1884.

(No Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet' 4.

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HOT AIR AND STEAM GENERATING FURNACE. N0.'299,008. Patented May 2-0, 1884.

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(No Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet 5.

W. PULLINGER.

HOT 'AIR AND STEAM GENERATING FURNACE.

No. 299,008. Patented May 20, 1884.

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WITNESSES; 'INVENTOB M MW' (No Model 7 Sheets- 8mm 6.

W. PULLINGER.

HOT AIR AND STEAM GENERATING FURNACE.

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(No Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet 7.

W. PU'LL INGER. v 7 HOT AIR AND STEAM GENERATING FURNACE. No. 299,008. Pate te May 20. 1884.

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WILLIAM PULLINGER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

HOT-AIR AND STEAM GENERATING FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 299,008, dated May 20, 1884.

Application filed December 6, 1882.

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM PULLING-ER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city and county of Philadelphia, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Hot-Air and Steam Generating Furnace, of which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to furnish a hot-air and steam generating furnace for heating private and public houses which will be antomatic and simple in its action, and in which the amount of fuel consumed will be very small, while the amount of heat given off will be very great.

In the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, and in which similar letters of reference indicate like parts throughout the several views, Figure 1 represents avertical section of my invention; Fig. 2, a perspective view of the interior, the jacket H being removed, Fig. 3, a top view of the air-chamber; Fig. 4, a side view of the same, showing door H to fire-box, pipe D, and fresh-air inlet a; Fig. 5, a rear view of the same, showing air-inlets u and direct-draft pipe D; Fig. 6, a plan of the base-plate, showing grate, water-pipes, &c.; Fig. 7, an end view of the same; Fig. 8, a sectional view of the grate, showing cone Z and rim p,- Fig. 9, a top View of the rock-bar s, on which the grate rests; Fig. 10, a top view of the invention, the jacket H being removed, showing boiler J, drum B, &c.; Fig. 11, a side view of the smoke-pipes G; Fig. 12, a sectional view of the invention, taken at right angles to that shown in Fig. 1, and passing through the apex of the cone Z 5 and Fig. 13, a bottom view of the drum B, showing the lines A and the openings.

The fire-box of my furnace is surrounded with a water-jacket, WV, as shown in Figs. 1 and 12. In the drawings this jacket is rep resented as a cylinder with hollow sides.

Directly on top of the fire-box XV is an airchamber, 0, into which the air to be heated is introduced. This air-chamber is shown in detail in Figs. 3, l, and 5, Fig. 3 being a top view, Fig. 4 a side view of Fig. 3, and Fig. 5 an end view of Fig. 8. From Figs. 1, 3, 4, 5, and 12 the general arrangement and construction of this air-chamber will be clearly seen. It is in the present case divided into seven (No model.)

compartments, a a being side air compartments through which the fresh air enters, a a being interior air-compartments, and D D D being passages or openings through which the smoke and flames pass. It will be understood that the number of these compartments may be increased at pleasure. As will be seen from the drawings, this air-chamber has a conical shape at its top, and its bottom is cylindrical and surrounds the hollow fire-box. (See Figs. 1 and 12.) The course of the air through this air-chan1ber, as well as through the rest of the device, is indicated by feathered arrows, that of the smoke, &c., by unfeathered arrows. The section of the air chamber shown in Fig. l is taken on the line 1 2, Fig. 3, that shown in Fig. 12 is on the line 3 4, Fig. 3.

F indicates the walls of the compartments a, u, and D. The drum B rests upon the top of the air-chamber O, and is furnished with a number of flues, A B. The lower ends of the fiuesA open into the air-compartments a a. The lower ends of the flues B open into the space which is formed between the jacket H and air-chamber G. The upperends of both sets of fines open into the space formed between the jacket H and drum B. The arrangement of these flues is shown in Figs. 1, 2, 10, 11, 12, and 13. The spaces between the fines A B communicate with the openings D in the air-chamber 0, through which the smoke and products of combustion from the fire-box pass. The arrangement of the bottom of the drum B is shown in Fig. 13, the openings which communicate with the compartments D being also lettered D. The smoke and pro ducts of combustion, after entering this drum and heating the lines A B, pass off through the smoke-pipes G, Figs. 1, 2, 10, and 11, as indicated by the unfeathered arrows, to the direct-draft pipe D, and from thence to the chimney. D enters one of the compartments D of the air-chamber O, and is furnished with a damper, E, by means of which the draft may be regulated. Usually this damper would not be used; but, if necessary, it may be opened to obtain a direct draft.

G is a dust-flue, which connects the ash-pit and the draft-pipe D.

F is a damper, which is opened when the fire is raked to allow the dust to pass intov pipe D.

J is asteam-boiler, which rests upon the top of the drum 13. This boiler is heated by the hot air that issues from the fines A and by the direct heat from the drum B. This boiler is furnished with steam-domes K, corresponding in number to the number of pipes L for carrying off the heated air, and these domes are placed directly beneath these pipes. The tops of the domes are perforated with holes a, Figs. 2 and 10, through which steam may escape to moisten the heated air. The boiler is further provided with pipes Z and m, the former of which opens into the hollow jacket WVand the latter into the water-supply pipe k.

T is a cylinder, which communicates with the interior of the boiler through a suitable pipe, and which is furnished with anair-ball, h, which floats upon the water in T, which is always at the same level as the water in the boiler.

U is a rod which is fastened to h, and pivoted to a rod, V, which is connected to a bellcrank on a valve, j, on water-supply pipe k. This rod V is pivoted at or near its center, as shown in Figs. 1 and 6.

It will be observed that pipe Z enters the top of jacket NV, and that k enters the'bottom of this jacket, while m is connected with the water-supply pipe 70. When the water gets too low in the boiler, the ball h in cylinder T will fall,and the valve j will be opened and allow a fresh supply of water to enter the boiler. After sufficient water has entered, the valve j will be closed. The water in the boiler J circulates between said boiler and the jacket W, passing through pipe m to pipe is, to jacket W, and from thence, through pipe Z, back to boiler.

Situated 011 pipe 7;, between valve j and pipe m, is a check-valve, is, which will open to allow the passage of fresh water, butwhich cannot be opened from the other side to allow the escape of heated water.

, It will be understood that the principal place for heating the water to furnish steam is the hollow fire-box W.

My apparatus for automatically regulating the draft consists of a cylinder, N, which communicates with the steam in the boiler J through a pipe,-b, andwhich is furnished with a piston, d, and piston-rode, which latter is secured to a lever, f,which is pivoted at g,and' carries at its other end a chain or cable, 0, to whichthe furnace-door R is connected by an arm, Q, and the draft-door S-by an arm, Q. The doors R and S are hung on pivots, as shown. WVhen the pressure of steam becomes too great in the boiler J, the piston cl will be raised and the door R will be opened,while the draftdoor S will be closed. hen the pressure of steam is not sufficient, the operation will be reversed, and the draft door S will be opened and furnace-door R closed. The cyl inder N is furnished with holes 0, through which, after piston d has been fully raised, any surplus steam may escape. The chain 0 has a spiral spring, F, which forms a part of said chain, and which is intended to case any sudden jar that might occur from a too rapid working of the parts. Y

0, Fig. 1, is a pipe which leads from the steam-dome K, and through which steam may be carried to any desired point. The drum B and air-chamber G are held together by the rods A, Figs. 2 and 12, which are held by suitable hooks on said drum and by the bed-plate, as shown.

The jacket H,which surrounds the parts already described, rests upon a bed-plate, G, a plan of which is shown in Fig. 6. Thisview also shows a top view of the grate,water-pipes, &c. The grate consists of a number of short radial bars, :0, and a number of longer bars, 3 divided by a \-shaped rim, 1), (shown in Fig. 8,) to prevent ashes lying thereon. This grate has in its middle a cone, Z, Figs. 1, 6, 7, 8, and 12, which has a number of holes or perforations in it, as shown, to allow air to pass through it. in place by a rock-bar, 8, Figs. 1, 6, 9, and 12, which is held in position by supports or brackets c, Fig. 1. This rock-bar is capable of being turned upside down, and the grate with it, to dump the fire. WVlien it is desired to dump the fire, the rod Y, which holds one side of the grate, is drawn out by moving the rod Y to one side, (these rods being pivoted together,as shown,) and the shaking-lever, which should be in the drop-space w, is twisted around, and the grate is thrown over. These parts are shown in Figs. 6 and 7.

trepresents a bridge-piece, by means of which the drop-space w may be closed when it is desired to shake the fire. When this shaking is to be done, the lever r is moved from one side to another of the space R, Figs. 6 and 7.

Fig. 8 represents a sectional view of grate, cone Z, and lever r. This cone prevents an accumulation 'of dead coal or ashes in the center of the fire.

Fig. 9 represents a top view of rock-bar 8, showing openings for the passage of air.

an, Figs. 1 and 2, represents a gage-glass, by means of which the height of water in the boiler may be seen. i

Fig. 11 represents a side view of doublecurved smoke-pipe G. This pipe is also shown in Figs. 1, 2, 10, and 12.

L, Figs. 1 and 12, represents the pipes in the jacket, through which the heated air is carried off.

- Having thus described my invention, I claim- 1. The combination of the drum l3, furnished with fines A B, air-chamber O, with chambers a u for admitting fresh air, smokepipes G, jacket H, with pipes L for carrying off hot air, and fire-box WV, all substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a hot-air and steam generating fur- The grate is supported and held IIO drum B, jacket H, fire-box W, water-pipesl and m, and steam-domes K, all substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

WILLIAM PULLINGER.

\Vitnesses:

EDWARD K. COLE, JOHN J. BORGER. 

